E.G.O. ----
Edging God Out
--- what happened to our Sabbath – and the 7 Feasts of the LORD?
Facilitated
by †Ken Neuhaus at Fort Mitchell Baptist Church (KY)
(8 week series 2/5/17 – 3/26/17) on
2/19/17
Part 2 – The Passover and the Festival of Unleavened Bread
Leviticus 23:4-8
It is my prayer that you
never look at Communion the same way
after knowing more of the Passover.
This study material comes from http://www.chosenpeople.com
The video can be found at http://nkysaved.org/video/seder.mp4
The removal of leaven
Before
the beginning of the Passover, all leaven, which is a symbol of sin (1 Cor. 5:6-8), must be removed from the
Jewish home. The house is cleaned from top to bottom and anything containing
leaven is removed.
Washing the hands
Once
the leaven is removed, the family sits around the table and ceremonially washes
their hands with a special laver and towel. Jesus also took part in this
tradition, but rather than wash his hands, he got up from the table and washed
the feet of his disciples, giving us an unparalleled lesson in humility (John 13:2-17).
Lighting the candles
Once
the house and the participants are ceremonially clean, the Passover seder can
begin. The woman of the house says a blessing and lights the Passover candles.
It is appropriate that the woman brings light into the home, because it was
through the woman that the light of the world, Messiah Jesus, came into the
world (Gen. 3:15) The woman waves her hands over the flame 3
times to prepare her body, mind, and soul for the Passover. Her prayer is this…. Blessed are you, LORD
our God, King of the universe, who has sanctified us with His commandments, and
has commanded us to kindle the light of the Festival Day.
The first cup of wine
The
seder begins with a blessing recited over the first of four cups of wine:
"Blessed art thou, Lord our God, King of the Universe, who hast created the
fruit of the vine." Jesus himself blessed the first cup in Luke 22:17-18.
The second cup of wine
The
second cup is to remind us of the Ten Plagues and the suffering of the
Egyptians when they hardened their heart to the Lord. In order not to rejoice
over the suffering of our enemies (Prov.
24:17), we spill a drop of wine (which is a symbol of joy) as we recite
each of the Ten Plagues, thus remembering that our joy is diminished at the
suffering of others.
Afikomen
A very
curious tradition now takes place. At the table is a bag with three
compartments and three pieces of motza. The middle piece of motza is taken out,
broken, and half is put back into the bag. The other half is wrapped in a linen
napkin and hidden, to be taken out later, after the meal. After the meal is finished, the leader of the
seder lets the children loose to hunt for the Afikomen, which was wrapped in a
napkin and hidden before the meal. The house is in a ruckus as everyone rushes
around to be the first to find the Afikomen and claim the prize as grandpa
redeems it from the lucky locator. The going rate is $5.00! Once the leader has
retrieved the Afikomen, he breaks it up into pieces and distributes a small
piece to everyone seated around the table. Jewish people don't really understand
this tradition, but traditions don't need to be understood - just followed!
However, it is widely believed that these pieces of Afikomen bring a good, long
life to those who eat them.
The
tradition perhaps dates back to the time of Jesus. If this is the case, then Luke 22:19 takes on a greater meaning:
"And He took bread, gave thanks and broke it, and gave it to them, saying,
'This is my body given for you; do this in remembrance of me.'" For Jesus
the Messiah would have taken the middle one of the three pieces of motza, the
piece that stood for the priest or mediator between God and the people, broken
it as His body would be broken, wrapped half in a linen napkin as he would be
wrapped in linen for burial, hidden it as he would be buried, brought it back
as he would be resurrected, and distributed it to everyone seated with him, as
He would distribute His life to all who believe. As He did this, he was
conscious that this middle piece of motza represented His own, spotless body
given for the redemption of His people. As the motza is striped and pierced,
His own body would be striped and pierced, and it is by those wounds that we
are healed (Isaiah 53:5). This
middle piece of motza, or the Afikomen, is our communion bread.
Shankbone of the Lamb
In
every Jewish home, on every seder plate, is a bare shankbone of a lamb. In the
book of Exodus, Jewish firstborns were spared from the Angel of Death by
applying the blood of a spotless, innocent lamb applied to the doorpost of
their homes as God brought the people from slavery into freedom. Today, we
believe Jesus is that perfect Passover Lamb, and when we apply His blood to the
doorposts of our heart, we too go from death into life, from the slavery of sin
into the freedom of being a redeemed child of God. As John the Baptist said
when he saw Jesus coming towards him, "Behold, the Lamb of God who takes
away the sin of the world!" (John
1:29)
Charoset
Charoset
is a sweet mixture of chopped apples, chopped nuts, honey, cinnamon, and a
little Manischewitz grape wine (kosher for Passover) just for color! This
sweet, pasty, brown mixture is symbolic of the mortar that our ancestors used
to build bricks in the land of Egypt. Why do we remember an experience so
bitter with something so sweet? The rabbis have a good insight: even the
bitterest of labor can be sweet when our redemption draws nigh. This is
especially true for believers in the Messiah. We can find sweetness even in the
bitterest of experiences because we know our Lord's coming is near.
Beitzah - egg
A
roasted egg is on the seder plate to bring to mind the roasted daily temple
sacrifice that no longer can be offered because the temple no longer stands. In
the very midst of the Passover Seder, the Jewish people are reminded that they
have no sacrifice to make them righteous before God.
Maror - bitter herb
This is
usually ground horseradish, and enough is eaten (with Motza) to bring a tear to
the eyes. We cannot appreciate the sweetness of redemption unless we first
experience for ourselves the bitterness of slavery.
Karpas - greens
The
first item taken is the karpas, or greens (usually parsley), which is a symbol
of life. The parsley is dipped in salt water, a symbol of tears, and eaten, to
remind us that life for our ancestors was immersed in tears. (Matt. 26:23).
Third Cup
The
third cup of wine is taken after the meal. It is the cup of redemption, which
reminds us of the shed blood of the innocent Lamb which brought our redemption
from Egypt. We see that Jesus took the third cup in Luke 22:20 and 1 Corinthians 11:25, "In the same way, after
supper he took the cup, saying, 'This cup is the new covenant in my blood; do
this, whenever you drink it, in remembrance of me.'" This was not just any
cup, it was the cup of redemption from slavery into freedom. This is our
communion cup.
Fourth Cup
The
fourth cup is the Cup of Hallel. Hallel in Hebrew means "praise," and
we see in the beautiful High Priestly Prayer of John 17, that Jesus took time
to praise and thank the Lord at the end of the Passover Seder, his last supper.
The spotless Passover Lamb had praise on his lips as he went to his death.
Elijah's Cup
A place setting remains empty for Elijah the prophet, the
honored guest at every Passover table. The Jewish people expect Elijah to come
at Passover and announce the coming of the Messiah (Malachi 4:5). So a place is set, a cup is filled with wine, and
hearts are expectant for Elijah to come and announce the Good News. At the end
of the seder meal, a child is sent to the door to open it and see if Elijah is
there. Every year, the child returns, disappointed, and the wine is poured out
without being touched. My people wait and hope for Messiah - they do not
realize that Messiah has already come. But those of us who believe in Jesus know that He is the one the prophets spoke of.
He is the spotless, unblemished Passover Lamb, whose body was broken for us,
whose blood was shed, and who now lives to distribute His life to all of us who
apply His blood to the doorpost of our hearts and have passed from death into
His eternal life.
How is the timing of Passover calculated? Why does Passover
sometimes fall after Easter?
The two holidays are based on two different calendars. Easter is based on the
solar calendar, the calendar commonly used today. In Western churches, Easter
is dated as the first Sunday after the first full moon of spring. It therefore
occurs somewhere between March 22 and April 25. Eastern Orthodox churches have
a different approach based on the lunar calendar.
Passover,
on the other hand, is based on the Jewish calendar, a lunar calendar that has
twelve 28-day months. Every two or three years, there is a thirteenth month
called Adar II included in the calendar. Over the course of a 19-year cycle,
this "extra" month occurs in the 3rd, 6th, 8th, 11th, 14th, 17th, and
19th years. The year 2008 was one of those years with an extra month. Passover
occurs from the 15th to the 21st of the month of Nisan - which is the month
right after the "extra" month of Adar II. The inclusion of the
"extra" month in the lunar calendar thus caused Passover to fall
nearly 30 days after Easter in 2008. In 2017, Passover is April 10 - April 18.
How is Passover related to the Last Supper?
The Last Supper was itself part of a celebration of Passover. Knowing that He would
be put to death in a few hours, Jesus told his disciples that He "eagerly
desired to celebrate this Passover with you before I suffer" (Luke 22:15).
At this celebration, He took elements of the Passover (the unleavened bread and
the cup) and identified them as his body and blood, symbolizing his death. Other elements of the Passover are important
symbols as well. The "lamb" points to the Lamb of God (John 1:29).
Indeed, Jesus is the Passover Lamb. Paul tells us that as often as we eat this
bread and drink of this cup (elements of the Passover and the heart of the Last
Supper, or Communion), we proclaim the Lord's death until he comes (1
Corinthians 11:26).
